Monday, December 30, 2019

Fence Of Human Trafficking - 811 Words

The offence of human trafficking encompasses multiple countries and by extension, multiple jurisdictions. To simplify, the issue can be trichotomised to ‘source countries’, ‘transit countries’ and ‘destination countries’. Australia, alongside with the rest of the developed world, is widely considered a destination country. A destination country, as inferred from the title, is one where those trafficked are most commonly sent to. Throughout the world, it is estimated the number of victims of human trafficking is estimated to be around 2.4 million, the vast majority sexually exploited or enslaved in forced work. Australia’s geography and relative isolation from the world has proved advantageous in the prevention of human trafficking,†¦show more content†¦The act also differentiates the crime of trafficking a child from an adult, with the maximum sentence for child trafficking 25 years imprisonment, as opposed to 12 years for an adult. A notable case in Australian legal history is R V Tang (2006), a case of sex trafficking where a brothel owner, Wei Tang, was charged pursuant to section 270.3(1) of the Commonwealth Criminal Code Act (1995) for five counts of intentionally possessing a slave and five counts of intentionally exercising a power of ownership over a slave. The women, trafficked from Thailand, were in debt to Tang to the amount of $45,000. It was agreed upon that the debt would reduce dependant on the number of customers were serviced . Although the arrangement was found to be voluntary, Tang was still found in violation of the act and sentenced to ten years imprisonment. Tang appealed this decision in both the Victorian Court of Appeals and the High Court of Australia. The High Court ruled 6-1 in favour of upholding the sentence. Tang later reapplied to the Court of Appeals and subsequently received a slightly reduced sentence. Article 4 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) states â€Å"No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.† Although the UDHR is not binding document, there are numerous international legal instruments

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Energy and Power Essay - 712 Words

Energy and Power Although I am surrounded by energy and power, I never really knew just how much they mean to the world. However, after learning about the fundamentals of energy, I have a much deeper understanding of their magnitude. In this paper, I will reflect back on what I have learned about energy, and how it has affected me personally. For instance, I know now that the power I am using to sit here and type is roughly equivalent to the power used by an incandescent light bulb, but that is only the beginning. Energy is all around us, but to create power, we need to harness it. I never thought about the fact that everything on earth has some type of energy, and until this course I never even knew the six different types.†¦show more content†¦I never anticipated that the things I learned in just the first few weeks of this course would lead me to change my own daily activities. Reading about the amounts of energy consumed in past years, and projections for the future, made me realize we need to start conserving now (â€Å"Environmental†¦Ã¢â‚¬  2001). When I learned how much energy the United States consumed in a single year in BTU’s, I began conserving my energy much more than I used to. I never knew that our country consumed more energy than is given off in the explosion of a hydrogen bomb (â€Å"Annual†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 2004). Therefore, I am much more careful about turning off my lights, conserving my heat, and taking shorter showers. I would much rather know tha t I am doing my part to conserve the precious energy that we have, than know that I am lavishly wasting it. Until this course, I never would have understood the importance of energy conservation, but being able to convert the amount of energy that I use into different medias, such as horsepower, watts and Calories, has shown me just how much of a difference a single person can make (Texas, February 2005). As a single student in EGEE 101, the knowledge I have gained so far has only affected me, and maybe a few of my closest friends. As a class, I believe we can make a large difference, and as a campus, an even larger one. Learning new things about energy everydayShow MoreRelatedWind Power And Energy Power6573 Words   |  27 PagesAbstract Wind power is still the most promising renewable energy in the year of 2013. The wind turbine system (WTS) started with a few tens of kilowatt power in the 1980s. Now, multi megawatt wind turbines are widely installed even up to 6–8 MW. There is a widespread use of wind turbines in the distribution networks and more and more wind power stations, acting as power plants, are connected directly to the transmission networks. As the grid penetration and power level of the wind turbines increaseRead MoreThe Power Of Solar Energy1640 Words   |  7 PagesPower Use Solar power or what is commonly referred to as solar energy is the energy from the sun that is converted into thermal or electrical energy. This form of energy is the cleanest and most abundant since it is almost everywhere in the world. It is also renewable and hence through modern technological advancement it be harnessed into a wide range of uses such as electricity generation, lighting or indoor use, water heating, machine driving and other commercial as well as industrial applicationsRead MoreThe Power Of Energy : The Importance Of Power1067 Words   |  5 PagesHigh energy particles (electrons or ions) by the energy absorption or transfer from an intense petawatt laser are important to heat a highly compressed deuterium-tritium pellet. Because the edge of the pellet is usually (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) ∠¼ (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) 50 (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) ÃŽ ¼ (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) m (-- removedRead MoreWork, Power and Energy1351 Words   |  6 PagesWork, Power and Energy Department of Math and Physics College of Science, University of Santo Tomas Espana, Manila Philippines Abstract Two activities were performed in this experiment. For the first activity, the weights of the different members of the group were each computed and were used in order to determine how much work and power each member exerted in climbing up and down the stairs while being timed. From the data obtained, it is apparent that as one is faster, more power andRead MoreWork, Power, and Energy1800 Words   |  8 PagesExperiment 4: Work, Power and Energy Maria Isabela Mendoza, Carmela Miranda, Arianne Nagrampa, and Vivien Oreo Department of Biological Sciences University of Santo Tomas Espaà ±a, Manila, Philippines Abstract The experiment performed involved work, power and energy. On the first activity, the time it took for each member to go up and down the stairs was recorded. Afterwards, the work and power done were computed. The most powerful member in the group was student number 2 with power outputs of 239.4Read MoreHydrogen Power and Energy516 Words   |  2 Pages Most of the energy we produce causes waste and pollution. Water allows us to cut some of this out of the equation. In 1874, a French author named Jules Verne wrote that hydrogen has the potential to be our next fuel source long before its potential was even discovered. And above all else, its abundant! Not only is the earth covered in 70% of water, but 90% of all matter contains hydrogen in it. Hydrogen itself produces miniscule amounts of pollution when burned. The problem that stands is thatRead MoreNuclear Energy : Nuclear Power1251 Words   |  6 Pagesis Nuclear Power? Nuclear power uses nuclear fission to release nuclear energy which creates heat that can then be used in nuclear power stations to provide electricity. In nuclear fission, the nucleus splits apart generating large amounts of energy. Nuclear fusion is also an excellent energy source because it produces no greenhouse gases or combustion products which are not radioactive. The drawback is that it takes too much energy so we are sticking to nuclear fission. Nuclear power a controversialRead MorePotential Energy and Wind Power742 Words   |  3 Pagesalternative ways to produce energy, for example—wind power. Wind power can bring us many benefits because wind is an infinite resource; wind power is environmentally friendly while wind farm is also a low-tax project. Wind power, a new way to create ene rgy, has become more and more popular. Scientists, nowadays, are concerned about the limitation of fossil fuels worldwide. It means some country whose electricity is most produced by fossil fuels may have the energy crisis in the future. HoweverRead MoreNuclear Energy : Nuclear Power Essay1265 Words   |  6 PagesWhen one hears the words ‘nuclear power’ they are immediately offset with images of Fukushima, Chernobyl, and Hiroshima and Nagasaki. These were agreeably a few devastatingly deadly and lasting disasters involving nuclear energy. With newer technologies and processes such as the use of nuclear fission, however, harnessing nuclear energy has become a safe practice. The global climate and overall health of the world is shifting toward the worse, and humanity only has itself to blame. It is time thatRead MoreThe Energy Power Of Natural Resources Essay1372 Words   |  6 Pagesof the energy to power our homes comes from fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Due to environmental concerns there has been a considerable drive to move away from these finite resources to renewable forms of energy. Harnessing the power of natural resources has seen significant developments over the past three decades. The use of solar energy to power our homes has, arguably, seen the most advancement. The sun is made up of helium and hydrogen atoms and emits radiant energy. Nuclear

Saturday, December 14, 2019

Computers Are Valuable Tools To Motivate Students Education Essay Free Essays

As stated in the Literature Review, many developed states are seeing ICT as a possible tool for alteration and invention in the instruction field and they are therefore, puting massively in the proviso of ICT tools in the schools. Likewise, Kozma and Anderson ( 2002 ) wrote in their paper â€Å" ICT and Educational Reform in Developed and Developing States † that for an economic system to be knowing, instruction should be its primary necessity. Simultaneously, the instruction schemes in schools are flexing towards ICT. We will write a custom essay sample on Computers Are Valuable Tools To Motivate Students Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now And every bit far as the consequence from our study in concerned, the same instance is deduced in the Mauritanian context whereby we can see that all of the secondary Mathematicss pedagogues do hold a computing machine in their ownership every bit good as an cyberspace connexion. They are invariably doing usage of the computing machine every bit good as are connected to the cyberspace on a day-to-day footing. The Mauritanian Government besides is lending in the integrating of ICT in the instruction sector by presenting the synergistic whiteboard in the schools which is an efficient instruction tool for the pedagogues to learn in an advanced manner and convey about a alteration in the accustomed chalk-and-talk procedure of instruction. However, a full integrating of the instruction tools have non yet been made in all the Mauritian secondary schools since it can be noted from the consequence of the study that most of the province and private pedagogues are non in ownership of an synergistic whiteboard to their instruction pattern. They are so obliged to carry on their categories in the computing machine lab as and when required but unluckily, this is non possible for all pedagogues ; they are therefore left behind to transport on with their usual chalk-and-talk manner of learning Mathematicss without doing the usage of any ICT tool in their schoolroom. One of the chief grounds that may be advocated is the deficiency of fiscal resources by the schools to buy these ICT instruction tools, peculiarly those from the private schools who have to self-finance themselves to a certain extent and have the staying financess from the Private Secondary School Authority, which is once more to an extent non sufficient to transport out the necessary outgos of the schools. Additionally, the province schools are limited to a certain budget provided by the Ministry of Education and Human Resources at every interval of the budget exercising. As explained by Hepp, Hinostroza, Laval and Rehbein ( 2004 ) that there is no cosmopolitan truth for using ICT in instruction ; it all depends on every state ‘s world, precedences and long-run budgetary chances and committedness. Accessibility is hence non considered merely by holding entree to a computing machine and the cyberspace but besides, the other factors which influence the success to the integrating of ICT in the instruction sector whereby it is a complex procedure which can be eased with the followup of the four phases as proposed in the Literature Review chapter. 5.2 Use OF ICT ICT can be used in three ways at schools: for pedagogues to show, buttocks and proctor cognition ; to heighten administrative work ; as â€Å" larning content in relationship to pupils ‘ information literacy † ( Myungnghee Kang et al. , 2011 ) . Sing merely the usage of ICT by the secondary Mathematics pedagogues, they are expected to do the usage of this advanced instruction tool in their day-to-day instruction pattern. The pedagogues are therefore viewed as facilitators to the pupils instead than doing the pupils dependent on them for their surveies. On the other manus, from the in-depth analysis of the study, it is deduced that most of the secondary Mathematics pedagogues of Mauritius used ICT for personal usage instead than a teaching tool at the degree of the schools. They are chiefly engaged in surfing the cyberspace or on e-mail and chatting exercisings ; they are therefore tagged largely as entertainers instead than facilitators by the pupils. However, it besides depends on the willingness of the pedagogues to do usage of ICT in his or her instruction and acquisition pattern. For this ground, many surveies on engineering credence have been conducted over the old ages and it appeared that these surveies had focused on the designation of factors that influenced engineering credence among pedagogues and pupils. One of the chief factors that can be seen to act upon these pedagogues can be the deficiency of preparation provided to them for the proper integrating of ICT in their instruction pattern. It is noted from the study that 80 % of the respondents have ne’er made usage of any Mathematics-specific package in their instruction pattern since they have ne’er been trained for the usage of these package like Graphmatica or Maths Blaster. Nevertheless, some pedagogues have made usage of other package like the Scientific Notebook but they keep off from doing farther usage of these package since the secondary Mathematicss course of study is besides non decently designed for the usage of ICT in the procedure of learning as seen by 62.2 % of the respondents. As discussed in the Literature Review chapter on the benefits of utilizing ICT in instruction of the topic Mathematics whereby both the chance to learn Mathematics better and to learn better Mathematicss should be considered in school engineering programs and teacher professional development. Therefore, holding a proper reviewed course of study for the secondary degree for the Mathematics topic will heighten the integrating of ICT in the instruction of the topic. Furthermore, besides the betterment in the course of study, the pedagogues are invariably seen to be actuating the pupils to do heavy usage of ICT in their acquisition of Mathematics. 138 of the respondents have agreed to be giving a assisting manus in the integrating of ICT in the instruction and learning procedure but however, it all depends on the willingness of the pupils every bit good to accept this alteration. As depicted from the study, there exists a relationship between the encouragement done by the pedagogues and the willingness of the pupils but it is tested to be rather a weak relation which can be influenced by other factors. Therefore, it is noted that really few of the pupils are willing to utilize ICT in their learning procedure of the topic Mathematics. Although the assorted advantages discussed in the Literature Review chapter by Papert ( 1997 ) , really few of the twenty-first century pupils are rather acute to look for replies to their mathematical inquiries on t he cyberspace in Mauritius. 5.3 Percept Statement ( a ) – Computers are really helpful to me in executing my responsibilities. As discussed in the Literature Review on the fact that with the usage of ICT in the instruction and acquisition procedure, pupils become more independent of the pedagogues and hence, let the pedagogues to acquire an first-class opportunity to larn from the pupils every bit good as to pattern being an information-seeker, womb-to-tomb scholar and risk-taker. The same state of affairs is applied to secondary Mauritanian Mathematics pedagogues whereby from the study, it is found that 60.6 % of the respondents do accept to the statement that computing machines are really helpful to them in executing their responsibilities. Therefore, the integrating of ICT in their instruction pattern makes their undertaking of learning a challenge in bettering and conveying about invention in their instruction accomplishments. Added to this, it is noted from the crosstabulation of the first statement as respects to the old ages of experience of the respondents that most of the people who agree to this statement have a teaching experience of 6-10 old ages which demonstrate that these respondents are really good cognizant of the old state of affairs whereby ICT was non being used and how the instruction sector is altering with the integrating of ICT whereby it will be of great aid to all the histrions of the instruction field which consists chiefly of the pedagogues, the pupils and the disposal. Statement ( B ) – It is really of import to maintain in touch with ICT. Similarly the first statement, the 2nd statement which is to show the importance to maintain in touch with ICT by the secondary Mathematics pedagogues, it is found that 66.4 % of them do hold with the statement since computing machine is seen to be a really of import tool for the respondents in executing their responsibilities decently. With the fast enlargement in the technological universe, it is hence really of import to maintain in touch with ICT to be cognizant of the different developments go oning all about, for illustration, the usage of societal webs like Facebook in the instruction and acquisition procedure. Following this statement, the Ministry of Education and Human Resources has already included this consciousness in its Education and Human Resources Plan 2008-2020 ( 2009 ) whereby it is stated that for the proviso of quality instruction to all, the reappraisal and development of instructional stuffs that are antiphonal to altering technological demands will be carried out. Furthermore, it is besides noted from the crosstabulation of the 2nd statement and the age group of the respondents that most of them are of the age group of 31-35 old ages old. They are therefore classified as being really familiar with the usage of engineering in the day-to-day life and can see the importance and benefits ICT is conveying about to different undertakings. Hence, they are really acute to maintain in touch with the technological promotion to assist in their instruction procedure. Statement ( degree Celsius ) – The cyberspace provides me with valuable information to fix lessons. It is stated in the chapter of Analysis that 55.6 % of the respondents agreed to the statement that the cyberspace provides them with valuable information to fix lessons while 10.8 % disagree with this fact. It can be farther discussed that those who have agreed with the statement are acute to be information searcher, womb-to-tomb scholar and hazard taker as discussed antecedently. They are ready to accept the engineering integrating in their day-to-day pattern as a challenge and run into the demands. However, this is non the instance for all respondents whereby the proportion of 10.8 % who disagreed are loath to do usage of ICT in their day-to-day pattern. As stated by Teo ( 2011 ) , with the impact of engineering on the instruction and acquisition procedure, outlooks on pedagogues to work technological advantages will lift, therefore taking them to see the force per unit areas of holding to toggle between teaching method and engineering in a seamless manner. Bing chiefly in the age group of +45 old ages old, these pedagogues are unwilling to convey about a alteration in their instruction pattern by doing usage of the cyberspace to fix their lessons as they already have their long clip experience in the readying of their ain notes. Statement ( vitamin D ) – Computer can assist me to be advanced in my attack to learn. As stated in the Literature Review that many states see ICT as a possible tool for alteration and invention in the instruction field ( Erdogan, 2009, adapted from Eurydice, 2001 ; Papanastasiou A ; Angeli, 2008 ) , the tendency is being followed by Mauritius besides whereby it is noted from the study conducted that 56.4 % of the secondary Mathematicss pedagogues do accept to the fact that computing machine can assist them to be more advanced in their attack to learn. It besides coincides with one of the strategic ends of the Ministry of Education and Human Resources of Mauritius which is the proviso of quality instruction to all and therefore, the usage of ICT as a tool for the instruction and larning procedure in the schoolroom is emphasized. On the other manus, a proportion of 16.6 % of the respondents have disagreed to the statement which comprises largely those pedagogues form the province schools instead than the private 1s. This is so because although the Ministry of Education and Human Resources of Mauritius has integrated the thought of presenting ICT in the instruction sector in the Education and Human Resources Plan 2008-2020, it has non yet been to the full operational with the non-availability of adequate ICT resources to the province schools. Therefore, the pedagogues have to restrict themselves to what they are being provided with to convey about an advanced attack in their instruction. Statement ( vitamin E ) – Computers are valuable tools to actuate pupils. twenty-first century kids choose to look for replies to their inquiries on the cyberspace ( Myungnghee Kang et al. , 2011 ) . Besides, pupils who had followed ICT classs had more possibilities of being employed as most of the occupations today require a good cognition of ICT. Therefore, as respect to the respondents, 74.9 % of them have agreed that computing machines are valuable tools to actuate pupils in their acquisition procedure. Following this fact, the Ministry of Education and Human Resources of Mauritius has been advancing the survey of ICT in lower signifiers of the secondary schools along with the upper signifiers. Added to this, the Ministry of Finance and Economic Development has late included in its budget for the twelvemonth 2013 the proviso of one tablet computing machine to each and every pupil in Form IV categories, thereby actuating the pupils in utilizing ICT in their acquisition procedure. However, a farther analysis of these informations every bit respect to the willingness of the pupils responded to quite a negative attack from the pupils ‘ side as really few of them are willing to do usage of ICT in their learning attack of the topic of Mathematics particularly ; they are more likely to larn the topic as was directed antecedently instead than making research work in the capable affair. Statement ( degree Fahrenheit ) – I need more preparation for the proper execution of ICT in my instruction. With the analysis of this statement in the old chapter, it has been noted that 4.36 % of the respondents have agreed to the fact that they are in demand of more preparation for the proper execution of ICT in their instruction procedure. As such, the Ministry of Education and Human Resources of Mauritius has made this proviso every bit good in its Education and Human Resources Plan 2008-2020 ( 2009 ) , that is, the preparation of the pedagogues in the usage of ICT in the instruction and acquisition procedure. This is to be done with the strategic end of implanting engineering in the instruction system of Mauritius. A farther analysis of this statement was done harmonizing to the different age group of the respondents which revealed that all those who have agreed to the statement are from the group age of 36-40 old ages old and above and they are therefore in demand of extra preparation as they have non been exposed to much usage of ICT before. Whereas, a proportion of 16.2 % of the respondents have disagreed to this statement whereby they form portion of the age group of 36-40 old ages old and below and they may therefore be considered to be from the digital age as the pedagogues that are being recruited presents have a full background of the usage of ICT in the instruction profession as per their capable affair. These respondents may hold followed classs from the Mauritius Institute of Education or from different universities whereby they emphasize on the usage of engineering along with the teaching method accomplishments in the instruction sector. Statement ( g ) – Adequate resources are available for usage in my schoolroom. The Ministry of Education and Human Resources of Mauritius has included in its Education and Human Resources Plan 2008-2020 ( 2009 ) the proviso of ICT installations to guarantee that all pedagogues make usage of these ICT installations on a regular footing for the instruction and acquisition procedure and this undertaking was to be implemented by the twelvemonth 2015. However, this does non reflect the aim to be met by the ministry as at the twelvemonth 2012 whereby it is noted from the study conducted that merely 8.1 % of the respondents have accepted that they have adequate resources for usage in their schoolroom while the remainder have disagree or strongly disagree with the statement. This dissension can be noted from both the province pedagogues and the private pedagogues upon a farther analysis carried out. The grounds that can be exploited from the province schools can be the limited budget provided to each school ‘s fund and that of the private 1s, the addition in the outgos of the schools. Nevertheless, Hepp, Hinostroza, Laval and Rehbein ( 2004 ) have been really explicitly explained that there is no cosmopolitan truth for using ICT in instruction. It all depends on every state ‘s world, precedences and long-run budgetary chances and committedness. Statement ( H ) – Performance of students can be improved through the usage of ICT in the instruction and acquisition of Mathematicss. As discussed in the Literature Review, research surveies have brought frontward the fact that the usage of ICT every bit good as other learning schemes have enabled pupils to travel to higher-order thought ( Jonassen A ; Carr, 2000 ; Kearney A ; Treagust, 2001 ; Oliver A ; Hannafin, 2000 ) . Therefore, pupils develop constructive thought accomplishments. As a consequence the pupils are larning in order to fix themselves for the hereafter information age ( Salomon, 1993 ) . Harmonizing to Kozma ( 2005 ) , ICT can be used to heighten pupil apprehension, therefore increasing the quality of instruction. This statement has been agreed by 55.6 % of the respondents as good whereby they do believe that the public presentation of the pupils can be improved through the usage of ICT in the instruction and acquisition of Mathematicss. On the other manus, after analyzing the information of this statement in conformity of the course of study of Mathematicss, it is to be noted that these respondents have besides agreed to the fact that the course of study of Mathematicss for the secondary degree is non decently designed for the integrating of ICT in the procedure of learning the topic. This demands a close follow-up along with the subject on course of study design discussed antecedently. Extent to which ICT is being used and accepted in the schoolroom. Over the past few old ages, several large-scale international surveies have documented the successful integrating of ICT in schools ( Lim A ; Hang, 2003, adapted from Mann, Shakeshaft, Becker A ; Kottkamp, 1999 ; Sivin-Kachala, 1998 ; Wenglinsky, 1998 ) . However, this does non look to be the instance for Mauritius whereby most of the respondents have stated that ICT is being used and accepted in their several schoolroom to some extent or non at all. This maximal figure of respondents signifiers portion of both the class of province and private schools. It can be confirmed that the whole instruction system of Mauritius is non working at 100 % with the usage of ICT in the instruction and larning procedure of the Mathematics topic. Although, Hepp, Hinostroza, Laval and Rehbein ( 2004 ) have been really explicitly explained that there is no cosmopolitan truth for using ICT in instruction and that it all depends on every state ‘s world, precedences and long-run budgetary chances and committedness, it should be taken into consideration that ICT instruction was already identified as an of import pre-requisite for the economic development of Mauritius since The Master Plan on instruction was prepared in 1991. As at day of the month, ICT integrating in the instruction and acquisition of Mathematics has non been able to accomplish a 100 % success as compared to other states. How to cite Computers Are Valuable Tools To Motivate Students Education Essay, Essay examples

Friday, December 6, 2019

Baths prologue and Tale Essay Example For Students

Baths prologue and Tale Essay This said, the experience she claims to have can be argued against. Twice in her Prologue, the Wife calls attention to her habit of lying. She says and al was fals, (lines 382 and 582). These statements highlight the readers awareness of the fact that she is giving a performance, and may also put her entire life story in question. The reader is left wondering to what extent we should even believe the experience of the Wife of Bath, and whether she is not, in fact, a mean-spirited satire on Chaucers part, meant to represent the fickleness of women. The Wife of Bath goes on to say that she even has divine authority over marriage, despite her claim that experience is her sole authority. She gives a speech involving her citing of scholarly texts such as Ptolemys Almagest (lines 321 327 Of alle men yblessed moot he be,/ The wise astrologien, Daun Ptholome,/ That seith this proverbe in his Almageste:/ Of alle men his wysdom is the hyeste/ That rekketh nevere who hath the world in honde. ) and she also refers to the old testament of the bible, explaining how figures such as Abraham, Jacob, and Solomon, enjoyed multiple wives in lines 56 61. She says I woot wel Abraham was an hooly man,/And Jacob eek, as ferforth as I kan;/And ech of hem hadde wyves mo than two,/And many another holy man also. /Wher can ye seye, in any manere age,/That hye God defended mariage/By expres word? I pray yow, telleth me. Again she is insisting upon her devine authority upon mariage, by explaining that God defended mariage. The Wife of Bath apparently feels the need to establish her authority in a more Christianised way. She says in lines 28 34 God bad us for to wexe and multiplye;/ That gentil text kan I wel understonde./ Eek we I woot, he seyde myn housbonde/ Sholde lete fader and mooder and take to me. / But of no nombre mencion made he,/ Of bigamye, or of octogamye;/ Why sholde men thanne speke of it vileynye? . The Wife uses reproduction as an excuse for having five marriages (God bad us for to wexe and multiplye). By using bible and scholarly references to gain more authority and power on the subject of marriage, some critics have read the prologue as a mock sermon concerning a womans place in marriage. The Wife of bath is not ashamed to admit she exerted power and authority over her first three husbands She considers the first three as good men , who were wealthy but too old to satisfy the Wifes voracious sexual appetite. She recalls with glee how hard she made them work to Unnethe myghte they the statut holde/ In which that they were bounden unto me (their marital obligations). She explains using underhanded methods such as guilt and blackmail. The most important aspect I feel is the power of her sexuality. Even though she did not have material wealth over her first three husbands, it is her beauty and youth that she can use to her advantage. The Wife feels that she has the right to granted sexual freedom, an idea that was frowned upon in the contemporaneous society she provides evidence to with references to the old testament, as I explored earlier. She refers that God bad us for to wexe and multiplye, a point that the Wife has takes advantage of in order to demonstrate her sexual power and manipulative skills with her first three husbands. In lines147 150 she states In swich estaat as God hath cleped us/ I wol persevere; I nam nat precius. / In wyfhod I wol use myn instrument/ As frely as my Makere hath it sent. By referring to her sexuality as an instrument, she appears to be both sexually voracious, and at the same time someone who only has sex to get her own way. She is describing how she dominated her first three husbands, playing on a fear that was common to men to medieval men (as the Pardoners interuption reveals in lines 163 168 Up stirte the Pardoner, and that anon;/Now, dame, quod he, by God and by Seint John! .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586 , .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586 .postImageUrl , .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586 , .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586:hover , .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586:visited , .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586:active { border:0!important; } .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586:active , .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586 .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf5d1743527fcb6a0efdccf67775be586:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: I intend to reveal and display Romeo's emotional and psychological changes Essay/Ye been a noble prechour in this cas. / I was aboute to wedde a wyf; allas! / What sholde I bye it on my flessh so deere? / Yet hadde I levere wedde no wyf to-yeere! ). The Wife of Bath knows very well that sex is a weapon, a bargaining tool, and she uses this as a means of power and authority. The Wife of Baths tale itself is an exemplum set within the mystical time and kingdom of King Arthur. It echoes the Wife of Baths prologue as it chronicles womens desire to have authority over men. The tale begins with the hierarchical order that the Chaucer would of seen in his contemporaneous society, that is man having authority and power over women. We see this represent through the Knight having and the maiden in the tale when he rapes her. We can see this in lines 886 889; He saugh a mayde walkynge hym biforn,/ Of which mayde anon, maugree hir heed,/ By verray force, he rafte hire maydenhed;/ For which oppressioun was swich clamour. By using heed and force as an explanation for the Knights actions the tale clearly begins with a misogynistic view upon authority, with the Knight, who is seemingly a personification of male dominance, having physical power over the maiden. The shift between male and female authority occurs in the court of King Arthur when the Knight is brought to justice. Lines 894 898 state But that the queene and other ladyes mo/ So longe preyeden the kyng of grace/ Til he his lyf hym graunted in the place,/ And yaf hym to the queene, al at hir wille,/ To chese wheither she wolde hym save or spille. The fact that the king gives the choice of whether or not to save or spille the Knight to the queen is reflective of the overall moral of the tale ; that women most desire to have the authority to make their own choices. When the Knight is revealed this information from the old woman which in turn saves his life, another instance occurs of a woman having the power over the mans life. By the end of the tale is appears that the Knight has learned his lesson when he allows the old woman to decide or herself, perhaps something that the Wife herself has strived for. I find the prologue and tale of the Wife of Bath interesting in the fact that a medieval piece of literature with such a feministic message was written by a man in the misogynistic era that Chaucer lived in. Some feminist critics, such as Susan Crane and Catherine S. Cox, view her as destined to fail in her search for equality, partly because she is trying to gain acceptance by emulating men instead of embracing her femininity, but mainly because she is a fictional character, written by a man. Bibliography Gender and Romance in Chaucers Canterbury Tales, Susan Crane, Princeton University Press 1994 Contradictory Responses to the Wife of Bath as evidenced by Fifteenth-Century Manuscript Variants, Beverly Kennedy, www. canterburytalesproject. org/pubs/op2-kennedy. pdf G. L. Kittredge essay Chaucers Discussion of Marriage found in Grief and Gender, 700-1700, Edited by Jennifer Vaught and Lynne Dickson, Palgrave Macmillan 2003 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Geoffrey Chaucer section.